/* The copyright in this software is being made available under the BSD
 * License, included below. This software may be subject to other third party
 * and contributor rights, including patent rights, and no such rights are
 * granted under this license.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2013, ITU/ISO/IEC
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  * Neither the name of the ITU/ISO/IEC nor the names of its contributors may
 *    be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
 * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/**
 \file     AnnexBread.cpp
 \brief    reading functions for Annex B byte streams
 */


#include <stdint.h>
#include <cassert>
#include <vector>
#include "AnnexBread.h"

using namespace std;

//! \ingroup TLibDecoder
//! \{

/**
 * Parse an AVC AnnexB Bytestream bs to extract a single nalUnit
 * while accumulating bytestream statistics into stats.
 *
 * If EOF occurs while trying to extract a NALunit, an exception
 * of std::ios_base::failure is thrown.  The contsnts of stats will
 * be correct at this point.
 */
static void
_byteStreamNALUnit(
  InputByteStream& bs,
  vector<uint8_t>& nalUnit,
  AnnexBStats& stats)
{
  /* At the beginning of the decoding process, the decoder initialises its
   * current position in the byte stream to the beginning of the byte stream.
   * It then extracts and discards each leading_zero_8bits syntax element (if
   * present), moving the current position in the byte stream forward one
   * byte at a time, until the current position in the byte stream is such
   * that the next four bytes in the bitstream form the four-byte sequence
   * 0x00000001.
   */
  while ((bs.eofBeforeNBytes(24/8) || bs.peekBytes(24/8) != 0x000001)
  &&     (bs.eofBeforeNBytes(32/8) || bs.peekBytes(32/8) != 0x00000001))
  {
    uint8_t leading_zero_8bits = bs.readByte();
    assert(leading_zero_8bits == 0);
    stats.m_numLeadingZero8BitsBytes++;
  }

  /* 1. When the next four bytes in the bitstream form the four-byte sequence
   * 0x00000001, the next byte in the byte stream (which is a zero_byte
   * syntax element) is extracted and discarded and the current position in
   * the byte stream is set equal to the position of the byte following this
   * discarded byte.
   */
  /* NB, the previous step guarantees this will succeed -- if EOF was
   * encountered, an exception will stop execution getting this far */
  if (bs.peekBytes(24/8) != 0x000001)
  {
    uint8_t zero_byte = bs.readByte();
    assert(zero_byte == 0);
    stats.m_numZeroByteBytes++;
  }

  /* 2. The next three-byte sequence in the byte stream (which is a
   * start_code_prefix_one_3bytes) is extracted and discarded and the current
   * position in the byte stream is set equal to the position of the byte
   * following this three-byte sequence.
   */
  /* NB, (1) guarantees that the next three bytes are 0x00 00 01 */
  uint32_t start_code_prefix_one_3bytes = bs.readBytes(24/8);
  assert(start_code_prefix_one_3bytes == 0x000001);
  stats.m_numStartCodePrefixBytes += 3;

  /* 3. NumBytesInNALunit is set equal to the number of bytes starting with
   * the byte at the current position in the byte stream up to and including
   * the last byte that precedes the location of any of the following
   * conditions:
   *   a. A subsequent byte-aligned three-byte sequence equal to 0x000000, or
   *   b. A subsequent byte-aligned three-byte sequence equal to 0x000001, or
   *   c. The end of the byte stream, as determined by unspecified means.
   */
  /* 4. NumBytesInNALunit bytes are removed from the bitstream and the
   * current position in the byte stream is advanced by NumBytesInNALunit
   * bytes. This sequence of bytes is nal_unit( NumBytesInNALunit ) and is
   * decoded using the NAL unit decoding process
   */
  /* NB, (unsigned)x > 2 implies n!=0 && n!=1 */
  while (bs.eofBeforeNBytes(24/8) || bs.peekBytes(24/8) > 2) 
  {
    nalUnit.push_back(bs.readByte());
  }
  
  /* 5. When the current position in the byte stream is:
   *  - not at the end of the byte stream (as determined by unspecified means)
   *  - and the next bytes in the byte stream do not start with a three-byte
   *    sequence equal to 0x000001
   *  - and the next bytes in the byte stream do not start with a four byte
   *    sequence equal to 0x00000001,
   * the decoder extracts and discards each trailing_zero_8bits syntax
   * element, moving the current position in the byte stream forward one byte
   * at a time, until the current position in the byte stream is such that:
   *  - the next bytes in the byte stream form the four-byte sequence
   *    0x00000001 or
   *  - the end of the byte stream has been encountered (as determined by
   *    unspecified means).
   */
  /* NB, (3) guarantees there are at least three bytes available or none */
  while ((bs.eofBeforeNBytes(24/8) || bs.peekBytes(24/8) != 0x000001)
  &&     (bs.eofBeforeNBytes(32/8) || bs.peekBytes(32/8) != 0x00000001))
  {
    uint8_t trailing_zero_8bits = bs.readByte();
    assert(trailing_zero_8bits == 0);
    stats.m_numTrailingZero8BitsBytes++;
  }
}

/**
 * Parse an AVC AnnexB Bytestream bs to extract a single nalUnit
 * while accumulating bytestream statistics into stats.
 *
 * Returns false if EOF was reached (NB, nalunit data may be valid),
 *         otherwise true.
 */
Bool
byteStreamNALUnit(
  InputByteStream& bs,
  vector<uint8_t>& nalUnit,
  AnnexBStats& stats)
{
  Bool eof = false;
  try
  {
    _byteStreamNALUnit(bs, nalUnit, stats);
  }
  catch (...)
  {
    eof = true;
  }
  stats.m_numBytesInNALUnit = UInt(nalUnit.size());
  return eof;
}
//! \}